History of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean

History

The Race Begins: Amundsen Sets Out for the South Pole

October 18, 2026

On 19 October 1911, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen and four companions departed their base at the Bay of Whales on Antarctica’s Ross Ice Shelf, beginning one of the most celebrated journeys in polar history. Their goal was clear and audacious: to become the first humans to reach the geographic South Pole, 90° South.

History

When Deception Island Became a Laboratory

October 06, 2026

Deception Island is often remembered as a convenient harbour for sealers, but in 1829 it briefly became something far more unusual: one of Antarctica’s earliest scientific field laboratories. During the voyage of HMS Chanticleer, Royal Navy officer and scientist Henry Foster transformed the volcanic island into a site for experiments designed to measure the Earth itself.

History

Ptolemy’s Southern Shore: The Map That Closed an Ocean

September 21, 2026

For centuries, one of the most influential geographic ideas about the southern hemisphere rested on remarkably thin evidence. Claudius Ptolemy’s world map, based on knowledge compiled in the second century AD and revived during the Renaissance, depicted the Indian Ocean as a vast enclosed sea, bounded to the south by an unknown landmass.

History

When James Cook First Crossed the Antarctic Circle

September 18, 2026

On 17 January 1773, the two ships became the first known vessels to cross the Antarctic Circle. Commanded by James Cook and Tobias Furneaux, the expedition was searching for the supposed southern continent, but what the sailors encountered instead was a vast, hostile seascape of fog, ice and bitter cold

History

Opening the Door to Discovery Hut Through Virtual Reality

September 01, 2026

For most people, Antarctica remains a place of imagination rather than experience. Its remote location and harsh conditions mean that only a small number of visitors ever have the opportunity to stand inside the continent’s historic expedition huts. A new virtual reality reconstruction of Scott’s Discovery Hut is helping to change that, bringing one of Antarctica’s most significant heritage sites to audiences around the world.