When Deception Island Became a Laboratory

Deception Island is often remembered as a convenient harbour for sealers, but in 1829 it briefly became something far more unusual: one of Antarctica’s earliest scientific field laboratories. During the voyage of HMS Chanticleer, Royal Navy officer and scientist Henry Foster transformed the volcanic island into a site for experiments designed to measure the Earth itself.

Ptolemy’s Southern Shore: The Map That Closed an Ocean

For centuries, one of the most influential geographic ideas about the southern hemisphere rested on remarkably thin evidence. Claudius Ptolemy’s world map, based on knowledge compiled in the second century AD and revived during the Renaissance, depicted the Indian Ocean as a vast enclosed sea, bounded to the south by an unknown landmass.

Stormier Ross Sea Winters Raise New Challenges for Antarctic Science

Winter storms in the southern Ross Sea are becoming more frequent and more intense, according to new research from the University of Otago, with implications that extend well beyond meteorology. The findings suggest that changing storm patterns are already affecting sea-ice conditions that underpin scientific operations in one of Antarctica's most important research regions.

When James Cook First Crossed the Antarctic Circle

On 17 January 1773, the two ships became the first known vessels to cross the Antarctic Circle. Commanded by James Cook and Tobias Furneaux, the expedition was searching for the supposed southern continent, but what the sailors encountered instead was a vast, hostile seascape of fog, ice and bitter cold

Ancient Wildfires Shaped Antarctic Peatlands 90 Million Years Ago

Antarctica is synonymous with ice today, but during the Late Cretaceous, around 90 million years ago, the continent looked dramatically different. New research led by scientists from the Alfred Wegener Institute has revealed that wildfires regularly burned in forests growing close to the South Pole, making them the southernmost known wildfires ever identified on Earth.