Antarctic History, Geography and Policy

The US National Ice Center - naming Antarctic icebergs
Reference

The US National Ice Center - naming Antarctic icebergs

January 14, 2016

Icebergs are created when large chunks of freshwater ice break off Antarctic ice shelves or glaciers and calve into the Southern Ocean. To be classified as an iceberg, the ice extruding from the water must be at least five metres above sea level, be between 30-50 metres thick, and must cover an area of at least 500 square meters. Icebergs can have a direct effect on the sea bed, scouring the seafloor where it makes contact. But who monitors icebergs? And how big can they get?

The Endurance in Antarctica
Reference

Royal Mail celebrates Ernest Shackleton's Endurance expedition

January 11, 2016

In collaboration with the Royal Geographical Society and the Scott Polar Research Institute, the Royal Mail in the UK has launched a set of special stamps to mark 100 years since the remarkable story of survival of Ernest Shackleton and the crew of the Endurance. Shackleton’s heroism and resourcefulness have made him one of the most celebrated sailors and leaders of all time.

Shackleton's ship, The Endurance, in the Antarctic.
Reference

100 Years since Shackleton’s Epic Journey

November 09, 2015

This year marks the centenary of Sir Ernest Shackleton’s epic expedition to traverse Antarctica in 1915. He had previously failed to reach the South Pole with Robert Scott on the Discovery expedition in 1902-03, and subsequently on the Nimrod expedition in 1907-09 without Scott. This journey would also fail to achieve its goal but would prove to be one of the Antarctic’s greatest stories of survival.

Signatories to the Antarctic Treaty.
Policy

What is the Antarctic Treaty?

November 02, 2015

The Antarctic Treaty applies to the entire region south of 60° South Latitude. It effectively stops nations from making territorial claims or from exploiting Antarctic resources.

Richard Byrd on Antarctica.
History

Richard Byrd’s Epic Flights

October 26, 2015

US Navy Admiral Richard Evelyn Byrd was one of the greatest American polar explorers, leading the first flight over the South Pole in 1929.